Human skin acquires its color through the pigment melanin, which is secreted by melanocytes, which are present in large numbers within the epidermis.
These cells are more active in people with dark skin; this pigment protects the skin from the harmful effect of ultraviolet rays within the sun’s rays.
Therefore, this pigment plays the most important role within the occurrence of skin pigmentation disorders (such as melasma, freckles, etc..).
Causes of melasma
The exact reason for melasma is unknown as yet, and the mechanism of its formation is likely because of the hyperactivity of the melanocytes within the epidermis and their production of excessive amounts of the pigment melanin.
Which may explain its prevalence in races with darker complexion quite others, and studies have proven the presence of variety of things that incite the emergence of melasma, including:
- Sun exposure
Prolonged exposure to sunlight is that the most vital factor inducing the looks of melasma, because the ultraviolet rays in sunlight stimulate the melanocytes and activate their work.
This explains the reappearance of melasma in those that had previously contracted it after exposure to sunlight, especially within the summer .
- Change the amount of some hormones
The relationship between melasma and a few hormones remains not fully understood, and maybe the most effective example of melasma induced by hormonal change is gestational melasma (Chloasma) or what’s called (pregnancy mask).
In addition, contraception pills and hormonal replacement therapy, which are prescribed to some women during menopause, may worsen the condition of melasma.
- Skincare products
Skincare products, especially people who contain perfumes in them (such as moisturizers and a few skin wash solutions) can cause irritation and should worsen the condition of the prevailing melasma.
- Heredity
Studies have shown that individuals with close relatives with melasma have the next chance of developing melasma after prolonged sun exposure or oral contraceptives.
- Tension.
- Problems with the endocrine gland
Types of melasma
The area of the face and therefore the top of the neck is taken into account the foremost affected place for melasma. it’s rarely laid low with the remainder of the body areas like (arms and back). Melasma is split into three types per its location:
Melasma within the middle of the face: it’s the foremost prevalent pattern, during which the melasma is distributed on the forehead, cheeks, upper lip, nose, and chin.
Lateral melasma (or melasma on each side of the cheek).
Costs located on the jaw.
Melasma may be divided in step with the placement of the pigmentation within the layers of the skin into three types:
Epidermal melasma: the melanin pigment during this type is found within the superficial layers of the epidermis, and it’s the smallest amount severe type among the opposite types.
Deep melasma (Dermal melasma): Here melanin is found within the deep layers of the skin, and it’s the foremost difficult type to treat.
Mixed melasma: combines the 2 previous patterns, as melanin is distributed between the various layers of the skin.
Daily tips to cope with melasma spots
Some natural remedies and masks
The most famous of them are juice, parsley extract, sour milk, vinegar, burn plant herbs, as these natural substances are known for his or her ability to clear the skin, unify its color and gently exfoliate, but you must concentrate to not apply it to the skin for long periods so as to not cause allergies or some annoying redness.
Food rich in vitamins
When talking about the link of vitamins to the looks of the skin, the primary thing that involves mind among vitamins is E, due to its important role in renewing the layers of the skin and giving it a fresh appearance. Therefore, melasma patients are advised to eat foods rich in vitamin E (such as spinach, nuts, etc..) or perhaps buy them in capsule form from the pharmacy and take them as a dietary supplement. you can take Triluma Cream 15 gm for Melasma and Tretinoin Cream 0.025 for Acne
sun protection
Sunscreen should be applied daily and continuously, even on unsunny days, additionally to wearing wide-brimmed hats and sunglasses.
Although melasma spots don’t pose a true danger to the health of the skin, it’s often an annoying and disturbing problem for its owner, making him unsure of his appearance and uncomfortable with the colour of his skin.
With the advancement of medication within the fields of cosmetics, the cases of melasma during which doctors are unable to produce satisfactory aesthetic solutions began to decrease, but prevention remains better than all treatment, so it’s necessary to pay close attention to the sun’s rays and protect our skin from it.
Not only to stop melasma, but to avoid many health problems that will be caused by excessive exposure thereto, and maybe the foremost dangerous is carcinoma.
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