Panic spread in Goma on Thursday, with M23 rebels steadily inching closer to the city in eastern Congo as they battle the Congolese army. Bombs were heard going off in the distant outskirts and hundreds of wounded civilians were brought in to the main hospital from nearby towns and villages.
The rebel group has been making significant advances in recent weeks, closing in on Goma, which is home to around two million people and a regional hub for security and humanitarian efforts.
M23 is one of about 100 armed groups that have been vying for a foothold in mineral-rich eastern Congo, along the border with Rwanda, in a decades-long conflict that has created one of the world’s largest humanitarian crises.
More than seven million people have been displaced by the fighting. Earlier this month, M23 captured the towns of Minova, Katale and Masisi, west of Goma.
“The people of Goma have suffered greatly, like other Congolese,” an M23 spokesperson, Lawrence Kanyuka, said on X. “M23 is on its way to liberate them, and they must prepare to welcome this liberation.”
M23 seized Goma in 2012 and controlled it for over a week.
As news of fighting spread, schools in Goma sent students home on Thursday morning.
“We are told that the enemy wants to enter the city. That’s why we are told to go home,” Hassan Kambale, a 19-year-old high school student, said. “We are constantly waiting for the bombs.”
Rwanda accused of backing rebels
Congo, the United States and UNÂ experts accuse Rwanda of backing the M23, which is mainly composed of ethnic Tutsis who broke away from the Congolese army over a decade ago.
Rwanda’s government denies the claim but last year admitted that it has troops and missile systems in eastern Congo to safeguard its security, pointing to a buildup of Congolese forces near the border. UNÂ experts estimate there are up to 4,000 Rwandan forces in Congo.
On Wednesday, Congo’s Minister of Communication Patrick Muyaya told French broadcaster France 24 that war with Rwanda is an “option to consider.”
Congolese authorities claimed Thursday that the military pushed back an attack from the “Rwandan army” on Sake, a town only 23 kilometres from Goma. The Associated Press was unable to verify if Rwanda’s army took part in the offensive.
The situation in Sake remains unclear, with some residents claiming that the rebels have entered and seized the town.
“The population is in panic. The M23 now control large parts of the town,” said Leopold Mwisha, the president of civil society of the area of Sake.
The U.S. Embassy in Congo’s capital, Kinshasa, in a notice Thursday warned of “an increase in the severity of armed conflict near Sake” and advised U.S. nationals in North Kivu province, which includes Goma, to be on the alert in case they need to leave their homes on short notice.
The United Kingdom also issued a travel advisory that said M23 now controls Sake and urged British nationals to leave Goma while roads remain open.
Hospital stretched to limitÂ
Many Sake residents have joined the more than 178,000 people who have fled the M23 advance in the last two weeks.
The CBCA Ndosho Hospital in Goma was stretched to the limit, with hundreds of newly wounded on Thursday.
Thousands escaped the fighting by boat on Wednesday, making their way north across Lake Kivu and spilling out of packed wooden boats in Goma, some with bundles of their belongings strapped around their foreheads.
Neema Matondo said she fled Sake during the night, when the first explosions started to go off. She recounted seeing people around her torn to pieces and killed.
“We escaped, but unfortunately” others did not, said Matondo.
Mariam Nasibu, who fled Sake with her three children, was in tears — one of her children lost a leg, blown off in the relentless shelling.
“As I continued to flee, another bomb fell in front of me, hitting my child,” she said, crying.
