VIENNA (REUTERS) — Europe’s top three powers and the US have submitted a draft resolution to this week’s meeting of the UN atomic watchdog’s 35-nation Board of Governors demanding answers and access from Iran over its bombed nuclear sites and enriched uranium stock.
Diplomats said the draft resolution submitted by France, Britain, Germany and the United States on Tuesday and seen by Reuters is highly likely to be passed as early as Wednesday. It follows a damning International Atomic Energy Agency report on Iran sent to member states last week.
That report said Tehran has still not let inspectors into the nuclear sites Israel and the United States bombed in June and that accounting for the uranium stock is “long overdue.”
Iran has still not informed the IAEA of the status either of those sites or that stock, which includes material enriched to up to 60% purity, close to the roughly 90% that is weapons-grade.
“Iran must … provide the (International Atomic Energy) Agency without delay with precise information on nuclear material accountancy and safeguarded nuclear facilities in Iran, and grant the Agency all access it requires to verify this information,” read the draft text.
Iran warns of retaliation
The draft resolution stops well short of finding Iran in breach of its obligations, as a resolution in June did just before Israel attacked, but Iran has warned that it will retaliate against any resolution targeting it.
“Should this draft resolution be adopted, it will unavoidably and adversely affect the positive course of cooperation between Iran and the IAEA,” Iran’s mission to the IAEA said on X on Friday, calling the push for a resolution a “major mistake.”
Iran and the IAEA announced an agreement in September that was supposed to pave the way towards a full resumption of inspections and accounting of Iran’s enriched uranium, but Tehran has since said it is void.
Western diplomats had billed the draft resolution as mainly technical, giving fresh instructions to the IAEA to report on Iran’s nuclear activities after a 10-year mandate from 2015, the year of a nuclear deal between Iran and major powers, expired.
Yet it included not only language admonishing Iran for its poor cooperation and calling for a diplomatic solution — an apparent reference to possible talks with the US — but also a demand that Iran implement the so-called Additional Protocol expanding IAEA powers.
Broader, more intrusive oversight
Implementing the Additional Protocol, which Iran signed in 2003 but never ratified, was a cornerstone of the 2015 deal, which lifted sanctions against Iran in exchange for tight restrictions on its nuclear activities.
The Additional Protocol grants the IAEA broader and more intrusive oversight of a country’s nuclear activities, such as the power to carry out snap inspections at undeclared locations.
The 2015 deal unravelled after President Donald Trump pulled the United States out of it in 2018. Iran retaliated by abandoning the restrictions, including the Additional Protocol.
“(The IAEA board) calls upon Iran to act strictly in accordance with the provisions of the Additional Protocol that it signed on 18 December 2003, and to fully implement this measure without delay,” the draft said.
It also requested the IAEA to provide additional details in its reports, such as where Iran’s uranium stockpile is stored and its inventory of uranium-enriching centrifuges.
The IAEA lost oversight of Iran’s centrifuge stock when Iran stopped implementing the Additional Protocol in 2021. The IAEA currently only has the authority to monitor the centrifuges at Iran’s declared enrichment facilities, which were destroyed or badly damaged in the Israeli and US military attacks.
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