China’s government on Sunday denounced the Trump administration’s imposition of a long-threatened 10 per cent tariff on Chinese imports while leaving the door open for talks with the U.S. that could avoid a deepening conflict.
Beijing will challenge President Donald Trump’s tariff at the World Trade Organization — a symbolic gesture — and take unspecified “countermeasures” in response to the levy, which takes effect on Tuesday, China’s finance and commerce ministries said.
That response stopped short of the immediate escalation that had marked China’s trade showdown with Trump in his first term as president and repeated the more measured language Beijing has used in recent weeks.
Trump on Saturday ordered 25 per cent tariffs on Canadian and Mexican imports and 10 per cent on goods from China, saying Beijing needed to stop the flow of fentanyl, a potentially deadly opioid, into the United States.
China’s toned-down response marked a contrast with the direct retaliation and heated language from Canada, a long-time U.S. ally, and Mexico, another top destination for U.S. exports.
After announcing Canada’s response to U.S. tariffs, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau said the coming days will be ‘difficult for Canadians, and they’ll be difficult for Americans.’ Trudeau said Canada will levy a 25 per cent tariff on $155 billion worth of U.S. goods in response to U.S. President Donald Trump’s 25 per cent tariffs on most Canadian goods.
Trade rules violated, says China
China’s commerce ministry said in a statement that Trump’s move “seriously violates” international trade rules, urging the U.S. to “engage in frank dialogue and strengthen co-operation.”
Filing a lawsuit with the WTO could allow Beijing a win in messaging by standing up for the rules-based trading system long advocated by U.S. administrations of both political parties. Beijing has taken the same step in a challenge to tariffs of up to 45 per cent on Chinese-made electric vehicles by the European Union.
At the same time, a WTO appeal poses no immediate cost or threat to Washington.
The WTO’s dispute settlement system has been effectively shut down since 2019 when Trump blocked appointments of judges to handle appeals. Since President Barack Obama, the U.S. has charged that the WTO appeals body had overstepped its authority.
For weeks, Chinese foreign ministry spokesperson Mao Ning has said Beijing believes there is no winner in a trade war.
Chinese officials have also been encouraged by signs Trump could be seeking a more nuanced relationship with China since a conversation he had with Chinese leader Xi Jinping last month.
Both Republicans and Democrats have come to view China as the biggest foreign policy and economic challenge to the United States.
Strengthening ties with allies
China’s massive trade surplus — almost $1 trillion last year — is a vulnerability for Beijing. China’s exports in key industries, including autos, have been growing faster in volume than value, suggesting manufacturers are discounting to try to win overseas sales when demand at home has been sputtering.
For that reason, analysts have expected China to try to strike a deal early with Trump to soften the blow from trade action by the U.S.
China has also been preparing for the long-expected Trump move on tariffs for months by deepening ties with allies, pushing for some self-reliance in key areas of technology and setting aside funds to prop up a vulnerable economy.
China’s economy, the world’s second-largest, hit its official growth target of five per cent last year, even as many complained of declining job prospects and worsening living standards.
China’s sharpest pushback on Sunday was over fentanyl, an area where the Biden administration had also been urging Beijing to crack down on shipments of the China-made precursor chemicals needed to manufacture the drug.
“Fentanyl is America’s problem,” China’s foreign ministry said. “The Chinese side has carried out extensive anti-narcotics co-operation with the United States and achieved remarkable results.”
